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🧬 DNA Genetic Analysis

FAQ, Technical Analysis & Report Reading Guide

Frequently Asked Questions & Technical Guide

Detailed information on how your genetic data is processed, what genotype letters mean, and the scientific logic behind the analyses.

πŸ”’ 1. Platform & Privacy

1. What is this platform and how does it work?

DNA Genetic Analysis is a free, privacy-focused tool that analyzes raw DNA files from genetic testing companies such as MyHeritage, 23andMe, and AncestryDNA directly in your browser within seconds. It matches the letter sequences (SNPs) in your file against current scientific literature and presents a categorized health and trait report.

2. Is my DNA file uploaded to your server? Is my data safe?

Nothing is uploaded. Our platform runs 100% on the client side. Your file is never transmitted over the internet or stored on our servers. All analysis takes place entirely in your browser's memory. Even if you disconnect from the internet after uploading, the analysis can continue to run locally.

3. Which companies' raw DNA files can I upload?

We support 23andMe, MyHeritage, AncestryDNA, FamilyTreeDNA (FTDNA), Living DNA, Illumina GSA chips, and more than 20 other genetic test formats. Files may be in .txt, .csv, .tsv, or compressed .gz format.

4. Where can I download my raw DNA data?

After logging in to your testing company's website, follow these steps:

  • MyHeritage: DNA tab β†’ Manage DNA Kits β†’ Three-dot menu β†’ "Download Raw DNA Data".
  • 23andMe: Account menu β†’ Browse Raw Data β†’ "Download Raw Data".
  • AncestryDNA: DNA Settings β†’ "Download Raw DNA Data".

πŸ”¬ 2. Technical Analysis & Genetics

5. What do rsID (e.g. rs1801133) and SNP mean?

The human genome contains more than 3 billion letters. 99.9% of human DNA is identical. Single-letter differences in the remaining 0.1% are called SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms).

Scientists assign each discovered SNP a unique code called an rsID (Reference SNP Cluster ID) (e.g., rs1801133 represents a folate metabolism point in the MTHFR gene).

6. What do genotype letters (e.g. AA, AG, GG) mean?

Each person has two chromosome copies β€” one from each parent. At each SNP you see a pair of letters (genotype):

  • Homozygous (e.g. AA or GG): The same letter was inherited from both parents.
  • Heterozygous (e.g. AG or CT): Different letters were inherited from each parent.

If a literature-defined risk allele appears in 1 copy, its effect is moderate; with 2 copies, the effect is typically stronger.

7. Why can letters differ between companies (AG vs CT)? (Strand orientation)

DNA is double-stranded (plus/minus or forward/reverse strand). Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) with Guanine (G).

One chip may read a position on the positive strand as AG, while another reads the complementary strand as TC. Our smart matching algorithm accounts for all complementary (reverse strand) possibilities, so your data is never shown as incorrect or missing.

8. What is the difference between polygenic risk and single-gene effects?

Genetic effects fall into two main groups:

  • Single Gene / High Effect (e.g. drug metabolism): A change in one gene such as TPMT or DPYD can directly affect how a specific drug is broken down.
  • Polygenic Predisposition (e.g. Type 2 diabetes, heart disease): Results from small contributions of hundreds of genes. A single SNP does not mean you will definitely develop the condition β€” it only shifts risk statistically.
9. Does having a genetic predisposition mean I will definitely get the disease?

No. Genetics is not destiny. Genetic predisposition (penetrance) shows your body's potential tendency. Whether genes are activated or suppressed depends on epigenetic factors (environment, nutrition, exercise, stress, sleep).

For example, even with a genetic predisposition to Type 2 diabetes, you may never develop it through low-glycemic nutrition and regular exercise.

10. Which scientific databases and sources do the analyses rely on?

Our database is compiled from internationally trusted evidence-based medical sources:

  • CPIC (Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium): Drug-gene guidelines.
  • PharmGKB: Pharmacogenomic clinical drug associations.
  • GWAS Catalog (NHGRI-EBI): Large-scale disease predisposition studies.
  • ClinVar (NCBI): Human genetic variants and clinical significance.

πŸ“„ 3. Report Reading Guide

11. What steps should I follow when reading my report?

To read your report most effectively, follow this order:

  1. Summary Cards: Check the Red (Critical) and Orange (High) card counts at the top.
  2. Action List: Read the "Urgent Action List" at the end of the report for blood tests to schedule (HbA1c, Homocysteine, Vitamin D, etc.).
  3. What This Means for You: Read the plain-language summary in the gray box before diving into medical terms.
  4. Advanced Sections: If you take medications or want sport/sleep profiles, review the multi-SNP tables in the advanced sections.
12. How are risk levels (Critical, High, Moderate, Normal, Info) determined?
  • πŸ”΄ Critical: CPIC Level A/B drug toxicity or very high clinical risk (e.g. TPMT, DPYD, sickle cell).
  • 🟠 High Risk: Variants with significantly increased disease or drug interaction risk (e.g. TCF7L2 diabetes, G6PD).
  • 🟑 Moderate Risk: Common mild-to-moderate predispositions (e.g. MTHFR, GCKR, COMT).
  • βœ… Normal/Low: No risk allele, standard or protective genotypes.
  • ℹ️ Informational: Non-risk traits (eye color, muscle fiber type, caffeine metabolism).
13. Does this report replace a medical diagnosis?

No. This platform does not provide medical diagnosis, treatment, or advice. Report information is for general awareness and education only. Even if you see a critical warning, never change your treatment or medication dosage without consulting your doctor.

14. What exactly should I do if I get a "Critical" warning?

Do not panic. This is not a disease diagnosis but a drug metabolism or genetic predisposition notice. Download your report (PDF or HTML) and share it with a qualified physician or genetic counselor.

❓ 4. Limitations & Usage

15. Why do some genes or SNPs show "No Data" in the report?

Genetic testing companies (e.g. Illumina) scan only ~700,000 of the 3 billion letters in the human genome on their chips. If your testing company did not include a particular SNP on its chip, that row will not appear in your file and our platform will show a "No Data" notice.

16. Can this analysis detect SMA, cystic fibrosis, or BRCA cancer genes?

No. Conditions such as SMA (deletion/CNV) or cystic fibrosis cannot be reliably detected with microarray chips. For serious hereditary diseases and carrier screening, consult a hospital Medical Genetics department for specialized clinical tests (WES/WGS/MLPA).

17. Is your service paid? Do I need to register?

Our platform is completely free. You do not need to register, provide an email address, or create an account.

18. Can I upload compressed (.zip / .gz) raw data files?

Yes, you can upload compressed .gz files downloaded from 23andMe or AncestryDNA directly without extracting them first.

19. How can I save my report to my computer or phone?

After analysis completes, use the "Download HTML", "Download Markdown", or "PDF (Print)" buttons at the top of the results section to save or print your report.

20. How can I contact you with questions or feedback?

For comments, suggestions, and questions, please use the form on our About Us & Contact page.

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This tool is for informational purposes only and does not provide medical diagnosis or treatment advice.

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